Compare to Pitch, Roll, Yaw, Headway, Sternway, Leeway, Drift, and Heave, Surge Brakes - Brakes on a trailer that automatically engage when momentum makes the boat press forward on the trailer hitch, Survey - an inspection done by a professional marine surveyor for the purpose of determining the seaworthiness or condition of a vessel for insurance or purchase/sale purposes, Swallow - the opening in a block, through which a line is reeved over the sheave, Swamp - to fill a vessel with water without sinking, Sway - a vessel's rotating motion from side to side; roll, Sweat and Tail - Sweating is the act of hauling a halyard to raise a sail or spar done by pulling all slack outward and then downward. 1 - a booklet prepared and distributed by the National Oceanic Survey that shows all the symbols and abbreviations approved and used by the U.S. government on its nautical charts, Charted Visibility - the extreme distance, shown in numbers on a chart, at which a navigational light can be seen under standard conditions. Here is a table showing Airs and their relation to jib usage on a knockabout or sloop. Catboat - a one sail sailboat with the mast well forward, usually having a gaff rig. 3. A type of clinker dinghy, characteristically beamy and slow. A general rule is for a sailor to use a wave board whose volume in liters is about the same as the sailor's weight in kilograms - more volume providing additional flotation for sailing in light winds, and less for high winds, where less volume is needed to achieve planing. Popular modern tall ship rigs include topsail schooners, brigantines, brigs and barques. Never Ever - a person who has Never Ever done something. Also called a "bible" because it brought sailors to their knees, Homing - sailing directly toward a radio beacon or other transmitter using a radio direction finder to "home in" on it, Hood Ends - plank ends at the bow and stern, Hop - travel of a radio wave from the origin to the ionosphere and back to earth, Horizontal Angle - an angle, usually measured by a sextant, between two landmarks, providing a line of position (the arc of a circle), Horn Timber - a fore-and-aft structural member of the hull sloping up and backwards from the keel to the transom to support the overhang of the counter. Nightmark - an object of distinctive characteristics serving as an aid to navigation during darkness. Sails for Sailing Boats and Ships. This property seems to create a feeling that vane gears cannot be "trusted" like autopilots. Often, improperly called Sea Lanes. For more information, see Beating at Wikipedia.org. As this water approaches and moves ashore, it may be added to a high tide if the timing is bad; causing massive destruction as it moves ashore and then retreats after the storm passes; or, if the tide is out at the time the storm comes ashore, the Storm Tide would be less destructive. The tension on the sprit controls the tension on the head and the leech of the sail and is tied near the base of the mast with a Snotter   2. Top Hamper or Tophamper - 1. weight or materials, such as rigging, cables, and spars, stored either aloft or on the upper decks. 5. Compare to Headway, Sternway, Roll, Yaw, Leeway, Drift, Surge, and Heave. Running rigging includes the winches, turning blocks, fairleads, etc., and lines with which you adjust the sails: halyards, sheets, clew lines, tacklines, gunter lines, topping lifts, boom vang or kicking lift, traveler, outhaul, downhaul, snotter, reefing pendants, reef earrings. Spring Stay - a horizontal stay running between the mastheads of a schooner that add fore-and-aft stability to the mainmast via the foremast and forestay and to the foremast via the mainmast and the backstay. Main-Royal-Mast (If equipped) This knot should not be used to bend two lines together, as it can easily capsize or slip. For more information see: Sécurité at Wikipedia   Compare to Mayday and Pan Pan. See Anchor, Pan Pan (Pronounced "Pähn Pähn") - a call indicating an urgent call for assistance MIGHT be needed for you, your vessel, or someone on your vessel within a short time. A carronade was much shorter and a third to a quarter of the weight of an equivalent long gun: a 32 pounder carronade, for example, weighed less than a ton, but a 32 pounder long gun weighed over 3 tons. Side-Shore - a wind blowing parallel to the shoreline. An example situation that a Pan Pan call would be warranted would be if your engine failed and you might be washed ashore within an hour or two if you can't get it restarted. Compare to Warp. This name is often pronounced as well as written tompkin, Tongue - a vertical, pivoting wooden block inserted in the jaws of the gaff to keep the gaff from binding an it slides up and down on the mast. Expect 0.4 mm of precipitation over the past 3 hours. Although it has great holding power in a penetrable bottom it is extremely awkward and the long stock is vulnerable to mechanical damage. These being such important parts of a ship, men of acknowledged talent in the royal navy are styled "the timber-heads of the profession.". One Design - a sailing vessel that is designed for racing a triangular course in which all competitors sail vessels that are identical, and typically, without handicapping; the first one across the finish line wins. 2. all encompassing term for a set of sails, Cape - a promontory or headland protruding into a body of water, Capping - the fore-and-aft finishing piece on top of the clamp and sheer strake, at the frame heads, in an open boat, Capsize - 1. to turn a boat over. Ladder - On board a ship, all "stairs" are called ladders, except for literal staircases aboard passenger ships. 2. a knot used to tie a line to an object. Lifeline - a cable fence that surrounds the deck to assist in the prevention of crew falling overboard, Life Preserver - a flotation vest, coat, belt, ring, or cushion worn to increase your chance of survival in the water. Also called "riding turns", Riding Light - a white light displayed by a boat or ship at anchor. Similar, but typically weaker, conditions occur in slightly more northern latitudes, and are referred to as the Roaring Forties and the Furious Fifties. Normal sheer curves up towards the bow and stern. Also called an Admiralty Anchor. About Ship! In recent decades, LORAN use has been phased out in the United States and Canada. Electronics should be checked for proper operation and ship's compasses should be rechecked; as they may be re-magnetized. To Careen, Heave To - to stop a boat and maintain position (with some slight leeway) by balancing rudder and sail in opposition to each other to prevent forward movement, a boat stopped this way is "hove to", Heaving Line - a light line, thrown from ship to ship or ship to shore in order to pull a larger line, such as a hawser. I'll be honest, 100 fathoms seems a little like overkill for a vessel that only has a 6 ft. draft, but I guess that, if you're in muddy water, it's better safe than sorry. Important during rough weather and at night. 2. Deadrise - the angle with the horizontal made by the outboard rise of the bottom of a vessel at the widest frame, Deep V - a hard chine power boat having a 15 degree or more angle deadrise at the transom, Depth - the vertical distance, measured inside the hull, from the bottom or floors to the deck. View a downloadable and printable US Coast Guard brochure about aids to navigation. When in position the upstanding arm may foul a chain or pierce the hull of a vessel. Most outboard and single-engine inboard vessels have right-handed propellers. The crosspiece of an anchor from the crown to flukes, Arming - tallow or other sticky substance placed in the recess at the lower end of a sounding lead for obtaining a sample of the bottom, Ash Can - World War II slang for a depth charge, Ashore - On shore or beach; as in, "Send someone ashore to find fresh water.". The whistle signals required by Rules of the Road are described in blasts; a short blast is a blast of about 1 second in duration, a prolonged blast, 4 to 6 seconds, and a long blast should be 8 to 10 seconds. Shiver - 1. Often used in the bow of larger sailing ships, forward of the anchor windlass and provides a working platform around the portion of the bowsprit as it attaches to the ship, Monkey Fist - a ball woven out of line used to provide heft to heave the line to another location. Compare to Ded Reckoning and Fix. Astarboard - in or toward the direction of the right side of the ship when facing forward, as in: "Pass the marker, then turn hard astarboard.". White Horses - waves in wind strong enough to produce foam or spray off the wave tops. Gypsy or Gipsy - a sprocketed wheel in a modern windlass with indentations for the links of the anchor chain. Also has some similarities to the sextant, but cannot be used to take accurate observations of the nighttime stars. If the variation were10° East, the Compass course to steer would be 270° to be on a True course of 260°. When disengaged, the wildcat turns freely and the only control of the anchor chain is the friction brake. Compare to "Clam Cleat". Similar, but lighter in weight and strength than a spinnaker pole. Instead of solid shot (cannon balls), a mass of loosely packed metal slugs, or chain links, shards of glass, rocks, etc., in a bag was loaded. A short splice increases the diameter of a line significantly and may jam going through a block. Compare to Dutchman's Log and Taffrail Log, Chock - a guide or fairlead for an anchor, mooring or docking line, attached to the deck   See illustration at Deck Fittings on this page, Chock-a-Block - rigging blocks that are so tight against one another that they cannot be further tightened   Sometimes called Two-Blocked, Chop - a series of small waves that tend to make your ride rough or "choppy.". Camber Induced Sail - a sailboard sail that has internal or external camber inducers to help properly shape the sail. (Falconer- 1779), Boxing - an operation in sailing somewhat similar to box-hauling, but is a tack rather than wearing about or veering. The downward and upward curve of a boats deck from midships to bow and stern, as viewed from the side. Lazarette - spaces below the deck that are designed for storage, Lazyjacks - lines from topping lifts to under the boom which act as a net to catch the sails when lowered. 2. See also: Absolute Bearing, Magnetic Bearing, True Bearing, and Relative Bearing, Bear Off or Bearing Away - to turn the bow of the vessel further away from the Eye of the Wind. ", Boat Falls - blocks and tackle with which boats are hoisted aboard at davits, Boat Hook - a pole with a blunt hook designed to aid in docking or mooring operations, picking things up, or fending off, Boatman - 1. a commercial boat operator   2. a man who makes his living on boats, Boat Plug - a plug fitted in the bottom of the stern or at the bottom of the transom to drain the water out of the bilges when the craft is out of the water, Boatswain or Bosun - a non-commissioned officer responsible for the sails, ropes and boats on a ship who issues "piped" commands to seamen. Isolated Danger Marks - an aid to navigation that marks a dangerous obstacle that may be passed on all sides. Weather helm indicates that the forces acting on the sail are out of balance with the center of lateral resistance. The trade winds blow predominantly from the northeast in the Northern Hemisphere and from the southeast in the Southern Hemisphere, strengthening during the winter and at times when the air pressure is high over the poles. Types of Sailboats - See the sail configurations of many types of sailboats and ships including a Sloop, Cutter, Yawl, Ketch, Schooner, Brig, Barquentine, Barque, Bragana or Felluca, Polacre, Junk and Full Rigged Ship. The system is fully proven and highly reliable. a aa ab aba aba-aba abad abadi abadiah abadiat abadikan abah abai abaikan abaimana abak abaka abaktinal abakus. See also: Absolute Bearing, Magnetic Bearing, Relative Bearing, and Bearing, True North - the direction to the North Pole as measured by the axis of the rotation of the earth, rather than the magnetic north pole of the earth's magnetic field. Chute - another name for Spinnaker Derived from "parachute" because of their similar appearance. Agger - two consecutive high and low tides that show little range, Aground - when the hull or keel is touching, resting or lodged on the bottom of the body of water you have been sailing on, Ahead Reach - the distance traveled by a ship underway at full speed with engines reversed until she comes to a full stop, Ahoy - a seaman's call to attract attention; like "Hello". The purpose is to prevent the hard chine of the boat catching a wake or small wave on a sharp turn. 2. the spar from which a quadrilateral fore-and-aft sail like a spanker or lugsail is suspended. Each member of the pair is separated from the next in distance and elevation, with the one in front shorter than the one behind it. Antarctic Convergence - an irregular line of demarcation in the southern ocean, mostly between 45° and 60° south, along which northward moving Antarctic waters meet sub-Antarctic waters and sink below them with little or no mixing. Let's say you're working with a 20 foot rope and the far end is tied to something. Compare to Pitch, Roll, Headway, Sternway, Leeway, Drift, Surge, and Heave, Yawl - a dual masted, fore-and-aft rigged vessel whose aftermost mast is much shorter and is abaft the cockpit. Chicken Jibe (Gybe) - turning a fore-and-aft rigged vessel upwind and tacking through more than 180 degrees to avoid having to jibe on a downwind course.   2. to create a single surface by bonding multiple layers together, Land Lubber - A person unfamiliar with the ways of the sea, Landfall (Make Landfall) - the first sighting of land when coming in from the sea. Types: Shaft Log - a timber that forms part of a wood boat's keel or deadwood section, and which is bored lengthwise to take a propeller shaft. You may end up in irons, or, simply, fall back onto the old tack. Then start easing the mainsail's traveler to leeward (if you have an adjustable traveler), or tighten the vang and ease the mainsheet. Compare to Dead Reckoning, Flake - 1. one complete coil of a line that has been Faked Down   2. to fold the sails in place on the deck, Fake To - to lay a rope or chain up and down on the deck so the whole length is exposed, Flank Speed or Flanking Speed - the maximum speed of a ship; faster than "full speed", Flam - that part of the topsides that flares just below the foredeck, Flame Arrestor - a safety device like a metal mesh on an engine's air intake that absorbs heat and keeps a backfire from causing an explosion if gas vapors are present, Flare - 1. upward curve and outward spread of the topsides at the top of the bow in order to make the bow more buoyant and to keep the deck dry by deflecting waves away from the vessel. 2. Jute - one of the cheapest natural fibers available to make rope from and has been used for that purpose for centuries; or, if you've ever brought a burlap or gunny sack aboard, you've used jute. Anchor Chocks - deck fittings for storing the anchor, Anchor Detail - a group of men who handle ground tackle when the ship is anchoring or getting underway, Anchor Ice - ice of any kind that is aground in the sea. This configuration, introduced to Europe about 1920, allows the use of a tall mast, enabling sails to be set higher where wind speed is greater. A boatwright builds smaller vessels. Aid to Navigation - a marker or device external to your craft, designed to assist in determination of position of the craft, or of a safe course, or to warn of dangers. Also called a Hogging Piece. I certainly hope that if you detect errors, non-working links, see a need for additions, have comments or criticism about my page, or just felt like this was a worthwhile resource; you'll please contact me at the email address below. While much slower, this technique avoids the dangers of passing the boom across the boat under load. Sharp points tend to require lower voltage levels to produce the same result because electric fields are more concentrated in areas of high curvature, thus discharges are more intense at the end of pointed objects. Good winds for a Working Jib on a knockabout or sloop and for anyone but a Never Ever learning to sail a sailboard..   See Airs, Moderate Wind - air that moves at 12 to 24 mph (10 - 20 knots) (18 - 36 kph), Molds - wooden sectional patterns, set on stations across the keel, around which planks are bent to obtain the precise shape of a vessel. 1. Bolster - chafing gear made like a cushion, used where needed to protect rigging from wear, Bolt Rope - a rope sewn into the luff of a sail for use in attaching to the standing rigging, Bonaventure Mizzen Mast - in larger galleons, a fourth mast with, usually, a lateen-rigged mizzen. Perhaps the strongest and most lasting of various planking methods. Coordinated Universal Time replaced the use of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) in 1972. Headroom - the vertical space between floors or deck on which you are standing and the top of the cabin, canopy top or other overhead structure you are in; whichever applies   Compare to Depth and Draft, Headsail - a sail forward of the most forward mast, a foresail, Head Seas - waves coming from the direction to which you are sailing, Headstay - a support line attached to the masthead and running to the bow or bowsprit. Compare to In Irons, Miss Stays and Refuses Stays. Since this would vary between ships, it could be used both to identify a familiar vessel at a distance, and to judge the possible sailing qualities of an unknown vessel, Cutter - 1. a single masted, fore-and-aft rigged vessel that has the mast stepped further aft than the conventional sloop, about two-fifths of the way aft measured on the water line, allowing for larger jibs. Also called the Counter Timber, Horse - 1. the horizontal bar or rail that the traveler slides sideways on   2. to caulk a wooden vessel with a hammer or loggerhead   3. Intertropical Convergence Zone or ITCZ - See Doldrums, Intertropical Front or ITF - See Doldrums, Intracoastal Waterway - a system of connected canals, rivers, and bays along the Atlantic seaboard, Gulf of Mexico and other coastlines that enable vessels to travel in protected waters without having to go out into the open oceans, In-water Survey - a method of inspecting the underwater parts of a ship while it is still afloat instead of having to dry-dock it for examination of these areas as was conventionally done. ", Ketch - a two-masted ship with its foremost mast being its main mast and a smaller mast mounted forward of the rudder post. Bernoulli Effect - the function of fluid dynamics that tends to draw together two ships that are moving side by side   2. the function that tends to accelerate fluid through a pipe submerged in a moving stream   2. the function of wind accelerating through a restricted opening, such as between overlapping sails. (You may hold your oars apeak, raise your gaff apeak or be apeak your anchor. Maritime Law - law that relates to commerce and navigation on the high seas and other navigable waters and that is administered by the admiralty courts, Mark - a buoy or other object that a racing vessel must leave on a designated side, Marline - light, two-stranded line, formerly made of hemp and sometimes tarred, used for whipping, seizing, serving, and lacing, Marlinspike - a tool used in rope work for tasks such as unlaying rope for splicing, untying knots, or forming a makeshift handle. 2. to extricate the sail of a sailboard rig from the water by over-straining your back as you tug on the uphaul line, all the while precariously balancing on top of an unstable sailboard as it heaves, pitches, rolls, yaws, and surges on the waves. In other words, to raise a load at 1 meter, 4 meters of line must be pulled from the hauling part of the rope. 2. the interior lining between ports and the overhead interior surface of the cabin.